]]> ]]> A diagram of the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths,
lists of key signatures written on the treble-clef,
and formulas of intervals that common scales are built with.

Starting at the top of the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths:
Keys written with sharps progress clockwise,
keys written with flats progress counter-clockwise.

The scale formulas are all listed relative to C as their scale root.
Brackets above each scale identify the intervals between scale tones.
(H = half step) (W = whole step) (-3 = minor third)

The .pdf file includes the three .jpg source files.]]> key-signatures_circle5ths-cycle4ths.jpg
scale-formulas_1of2.jpg
scale formulas_2of2.jpg
theory_key-signatures_and_scale-formulas.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size

]]> ]]> ]]>
Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first,
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_chromatic_scales_chart.jpg
spelling_chromatic_scales_examples.jpg
spelling_chromatic_scales_roots.jpg
spelling_chromatic_scales_blank.jpg
spelling_chromatic_scales_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> theory_key-signatures_and_scale-formulas
fretboard_poster_12fret only_full-sheet]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major, or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first,
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_major_scales_chart.jpg
spelling_major_scales_examples.jpg
spelling_major_scales_roots.jpg
spelling_major_scales_blank.jpg
spelling_major_scales_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> theory_key-signatures_and_scale-formulas
fretboard-diagram-14frets_ all-keys_and_ relative-modes]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major, or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_minor_scales_chart.jpg
spelling_minor_scales_examples.jpg
spelling_minor_scales_roots.jpg
spelling_minor_scales_blank.jpg
spelling_minor_scales_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major, or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_dorian_scales_chart.jpg
spelling_dorian_scales_examples.jpg
spelling_dorian_scales_roots.jpg
spelling_dorian_scales_blank.jpg
spelling_dorian_scales_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major, or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_phrygian_scales_chart.jpg
spelling_phrygian_scales_examples.jpg
spelling_phrygian_scales_roots.jpg
spelling_phrygian_scales_blank.jpg
spelling_phrygian_scales_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major, or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_lydian_scales_chart.jpg
spelling_lydian_scales_examples.jpg
spelling_lydian_scales_roots.jpg
spelling_lydian_scales_blank.jpg
spelling_lydian_scales_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major, or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_mixolydian_scales_chart.jpg
spelling_mixolydian_scales_examples.jpg
spelling_mixolydian_scales_roots.jpg
spelling_mixolydian_scales_blank.jpg
spelling_mixolydian_scales_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major, or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_locrian_scales_chart.jpg
spelling_locrian_scales_examples.jpg
spelling_locrian_scales_roots.jpg
spelling_locrian_scales_blank.jpg
spelling_locrian_scales_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major, diminished, or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_harmonic-minor_chart.jpg
spelling_harmonic-minor_examples.jpg
spelling_harmonic-minor_roots.jpg
spelling_harmonic-minor_blank.jpg
spelling_harmonic-minor_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major, diminished, half diminished,
or augmented chord is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_melodic-minor_chart.jpg
spelling_melodic-minor_examples.jpg
spelling_melodic-minor_roots.jpg
spelling_melodic-minor_blank.jpg
spelling_melodic-minor_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major,or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_major-pentatonic_chart.jpg
spelling_major-pentatonic_examples.jpg
spelling_major-pentatonic_roots.jpg
spelling_major-pentatonic_blank.jpg
spelling_major-pentatonic_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major,or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_dorian-pentatonic_chart.jpg
spelling_dorian-pentatonic_examples.jpg
spelling_dorian-pentatonic_roots.jpg
spelling_dorian-pentatonic_blank.jpg
spelling_dorian-pentatonic_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major,or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.
]]> spelling_phrygian-pentatonic_chart.jpg
spelling_phrygian-pentatonic_examples.jpg
spelling_phrygian-pentatonic_roots.jpg
spelling_phrygian-pentatonic_blank.jpg
spelling_phrygian-pentatonic_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major,or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.]]> spelling_mixolydian-pentatonic_chart.jpg
spelling_mixolydian-pentatonic_examples.jpg
spelling_mixolydian-pentatonic_roots.jpg
spelling_mixolydian-pentatonic_blank.jpg
spelling_mixolydian-pentatonic_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]> ]]> ]]>
Roman numerals number the scale tones and also identify
whether a minor, major,or half diminished chord
is built on that scale tone.

Four variations of the chart are included:

The first is a completely filled chart.
The second provides example scales and roots.
The third provides the scale roots only.
The fourth is a blank chart.

The second-fourth variations progress in difficulty.
It's encouraged that students fill in the charts with examples first
while gradually memorizing the scales and the cycle of 4ths/circle of 5ths.

It's not expected that all the scales will be memorized.
A preliminary goal is to recognize what combination of notes make
half-steps, whole-steps, and minor thirds.
Filling out as many scales as possible solidifies our recognition of common scale intervals.
]]> spelling_minor-pentatonic_chart.jpg
spelling_minor-pentatonic_examples.jpg
spelling_minor-pentatonic_roots.jpg
spelling_minor-pentatonic_blank.jpg
spelling_minor-pentatonic_packet.pdf]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> .pdf letter size
]]>